Infeksi Avian Paramyxovirus Tipe-1 pada Babi di Bali (AVIAN PARAMYXOVIRUS TYPE-1 INFECTION IN PIG IN BALI)

Virus avian paramyxovirus tipe-1 (APMV-1) merupakan virus yang menyerang unggas dengan tingkat mortalitas bervariasi tergantung dari patotipe virus yang menginfeksi. Walaupun virus ini berasal dari unggas, tetapi virus ini dilaporkan juga dapat diisolasi dari babi. Untuk mengetahui adanya infeksi APMV-1 pada babi di Bali, maka perlu dilakukan kajian serologi terhadap keberadaan antibodi APMV- 1 pada babi di Provinsi Bali. Kajian ini dilaksanakan dengan jalan menguji antibodi terhadap APMV- 1, menggunakan metode indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) dengan antibodi sekunder antipig Imunoglobulin-G horse radish peroksidase (IgGHRP) serta divisualisasikan dengan substrat tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Sampel serum yang memiliki nilai optical density (OD) di atas nilai cut off (COV) dinyatakan positif mengandung antibodi terhadap virus tetelo. Dari sejumlah 215 sampel serum babi yang berasal dari beberapa peternakan rakyat di delapan Kabupaten dan kota di Bali, yakni Kabupaten Jembrana, Tabanan, Badung, Kota Denpasar, Gianyar, Bangli, Karangasem dan Buleleng didapatkan sejumlah 174 sampel (80,93%) positif mengandung antibodi terhadap APMV-1, sementara itu dari sejumlah 127 sampel serum yang diambil di RPH pesanggaran didapatkan 125 sampel (98,42%) positif mengandung antibodi terhadap APMV-1. Berdasarkan kelompok umur, babi berumur lebih 8-9 bulan memiliki prevalensi reaktor lebih tinggi (p<0.01) dibandingkan yang berumur 3-6 bulan. Konfirmasi dengan uji Western immunoblotting dilakukan terhadap serum positif pada uji ELISA dan didapatkan pita protein khas dengan berat molekul 258 kDa sedangkan serum negatif tidak ditemukan pita protein spesifik APMV-1. Mengingat babi yang disampling tidak pernah divaksinasi maka adanya antibodi ini menandakan bahwa babi pernah terinfeksi virus APMV-1 secara alami. Kata-kata kunci: APMV-1, ELISA, Western immunoblotting ABSTRACT Avian Paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1) is a virus infecting birds with mortality level varies according to its pathotype. Although the virus is normally originated from birds, the recent report showed that it can be isolated from pig. In order to find out APMV-1 infections on pig in Bali, a serologic study was conducted to detect the antibody against APMV-1 among pigs in Bali. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the antibody against APMV-1 in pig sera. The serum samples with optical density value over the cut off value (COV) was considered as those containing Ab against APMV- 1. Of 215 samples collected from traditional farms of eight regency and city in Bali namely Negara, Tabanan, Badung, Denpasar City, Gianyar, Bangli, Karangasem and Buleleng Regency, 174 samples (80,93%) were positive antibody against APMV-1. On the other hand, there were 125 (98,42%) positive sample among 127 sample collected from Pesanggaran abattoir. Furthermore, the 8-9 month age pigs showed that their antibody against APMV-1 were higher (p<0.01) than those of 3-6 months age. The ELISA positive samples were further confirmed using Western immunoblotting assay. The anti-APMV-1 antibody positive sera reacted with the virus specific protein band of 258 kDa and the negative sera did not react with the viral protein. As pig has never been vaccinated with APMV-1 vaccine, the presence of Ab against APMV-1 showed that the pigs were naturally infected with APMV-1. Key words: APMV-1, ELISA, Western immunoblotting Jurnal Veteriner Maret 2015 Vol. 16 No. 1 : 8-14 ISSN : 1411 - 8327 9