The Relativity Strategy of Old Javanese

Abstract—Old Javanese is one of the temporal dialects in Indonesia that is estimated to develop from the IXXV century. The language has a lot of langues inherited in the form of literature kakawin (Old Javanese poetry) and the form of parwa (Old Javanese language prose) until now. Literary works in the form kakawin and parwa are very popular work to be sung in Balinese society especially in religious ceremonies. Therefore, the Old Javanese is very worthy of being used as a linguistic study even though the language is categorized as a dead language. In morphological typology, Old Javanese is an agglutinative type. On the other hand, syntactically the Old Javanese language includes the Split-S typology. Associated with morphological typology and syntax, the Old Javanese has a core system or verb. Thus, the Old Javanese has various forms of verbalternation in clause structures, either in single clauses or complex clauses. Relative clauses are one part of the complex clause having a change of grammatical relation when the insertion of certain linguistic elements. The topic of this study was the relativity strategy in Old Javanese. The relativity strategy of Old Javanese was described with related theories and concepts. Based on the result the Old Javanese could make the subject to be relative by inserting element of the relative sang and ikang. On the other hand there was also an indirect relativity by marking of verbs and penloping. Index Terms—grammatical structure, argument structure, strategy, relativization