Purple sweet potato extract and honey control hyperlipidemia

Purple sweet potato extract and honey control hyperlipidemia

1. I Wayan Putu SutirtaYasa. 2. I Made Jawi.

1. Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University

2. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University

Hyperlipidemia

Hyperlipidemia is a condition characterized by an increase in any or all lipid and / or lipoprotein profiles in the blood (Onwe et al., 2015; Nouh et al 2019). Hyperlipidemia is an abnormal increase in the level of any or all lipids and / or lipoproteins in the blood. Hyperlipidemia can be basically classified as hyperlipidemia due to heredity or acquired. There are also dividing the two types of hyperlipidemia namely hyperlipidemia due to the presence of modifiable risk factors and non-modifiable hyperlipidemia.

Hyperlipidemia due to an increase in bad fats, namely TG (triglycerides), VLDL (Very Low Density Lipoprotein) and LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein). Triglycerides themselves do not directly lead to fat deposits that accumulate in atherosclerosis, but cholesterol-rich particles in triglyceride-rich particles called very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) can cause plaque formation. Postprandial hyperlipidemia is another form. The cause of hyperlipidemia which is a normal increase after consumption of foods that contain lots of fat (Onwe, et al. 2019).

Dyslipidemia

Dyslipidemia is the abnormal metabolism of lipoproteins, usually associated with overproduction or deficiency of lipoproteins. Dyslipidemia is also often referred to as hyperlipidemia, an event that increases in serum lipids as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This is due to dyslipidemia and cholesterol behavior that plays a role in atherosclerosis. So what distinguishes hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia is that in hypercholesterolemia, there is an increase in serum cholesterol exceeding 200 mg / dL after nine to twelve hours of fasting. Conversely, dyslipidemia in addition to the criteria for hypercholesterolemia also occurred an increase in LDL-serum cholesterol> 160 mg / dL, serum triglycerides by 150 mg / dL, or HDL-serum cholesterol <40 mg / dL for men and <50 mg / dL. for girls.Symptoms The high cholesterol in dyslipidemia cannot be felt by a patient, but can only be detected by routine blood cholesterol tests. A high cholesterol diet can induce dyslipidemia as well as being triggered by genetic factors (Goldberg, 2008; Turner et al., 2010).

Evidence The Effects  of purple sweet potato extract and honey to hyperlipidemic rats can maintain the lipid profile in normal range, in mice fed high cholesterol.

Research has been carried out by SutirtaYasa and Jawi (2017), on rats that were made hyperlipidemic by giving a high cholesterol commercial diet and giving purple sweet potato extract and honey with results as shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Effects of purple sweet potato extract and honey on hyperlipidemic rats

Group 1: Control group: consisted of mice given a high cholesterol diet for four weeks. Group 2: or Treatment group 1: consisted of rats given a high cholesterol diet and 3 ml / day of purple sweet potato tuber liquid extract for four weeks. Group 3: or Treatment group 2: consisted of rats given a high cholesterol diet and honey 2 ml / day for four weeks. Group 4: or treatment 3: consisted of rats treated with high cholesterol diet and a combination of purple sweet potato and natural honey for four weeks.

In group 1, as a control group, mice that were given a high cholesterol diet for 4 weeks had a significant increase in bad fats TG (triglycerides) and LDL (Low Density Liproprotein), and a significant decrease in good fats HDL (High Density Lipoprotein). . In group 2, which was given a high cholesterol diet for 4 weeks along with the provision of sweet potato tubers, there was no significant increase in TG and LDL bad fats, and HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) good fats remained in the normal range. In group 3, given a high cholesterol diet plus 2 ml / day of honey, there was no significant increase in TG and LDL bad fats, and levels of good fat HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) remained in the normal range.In group 4, which was given a high cholesterol diet for 4 weeks accompanied by a combination of sweet potato tubers and honey, it was found that there was no significant increase in levels of bad fats TG and LDL, and levels of good fat HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) remained in the normal range.

Figure 1. Comparison of total cholesterol levels between pre-test and post-test in all treatments (mg / dl) (SutirtaYasa and Jawi 2017).

Group 1: Control group: consisted of mice given a high cholesterol diet for four weeks. Group 2: or Treatment group 1: consisted of rats given a high cholesterol diet and 3 ml / day of purple sweet potato tuber liquid extract for four weeks. Group 3: or Treatment group 2: consisted of rats given a high cholesterol diet and honey 2 ml / day for four weeks. Group 4: or treatment 3: consisted of rats treated with high cholesterol diet and a combination of purple sweet potato and natural honey for four weeks.

Anthocyanins are a type of lavonoid found in purple sweet potato tubers, which can inhibit cholesterol absorption in the digestive tract of the digestive tract and possibly inhibit cholesterol synthesis by the liver (Huang, 2004).

In Figure 1, SutirtaYasa and Jawi (2017) can prove that the combination of water extract of purple sweet potato tubers with honey can maintain a lipid profile in the normal range in mice with high cholesterol feed.

Table 2.Pre-Post Lifid Profile Examination Test (Total Cholesterol, LDL, HDL and Triglicerida) Provision of tablets (T1) and liquid (T2) ethanol extract of Purple Sweet Potato in Wistar Rats (SutirtaYasa, et al, 2018).