Antioxidant Compounds of Gayam Seed (Inocarpus fagiferus Fosb) to Prevent Atherosclerosis through Increases of SOD Activity and Improvement of Lipid Profile on Wistar Rat

This study aims to prove the potency of ethanol extract of gayam seed to prevent atherosclerosis through increase of SOD activity and improvement of lipid profile plasma blood of Wistar rat for 4 months. This was experimental study with randomized posttest only control group design. The samples were 25 Wistar rat, randomized into 5 groups: group K1 (negative control), group K2 (positive control, feed high fat diet), group P1(high fat diet + ethanol extract dose 50 mg/kgbw), group P2 (high fat diet + ethanol extract dose 100 mg/kgbw), and group P3 (high fat diet + ethanol extract dose 150 mg/kgbw). This paper also describes the determination of the antioxidant activity and identification of the active compounds using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. From the results it is evident that ethanol extracts in varied doses decrease the level of lipidsof total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol, but do not affect the level of HDL cholesterol. They also increase SOD activity in blood plasm of Wistar rat. Thus the extract potential to prevent atherosclerosis disease. The ethanol extract which active as an antioxidant with IC50= 280 ppm with contains thirteen compounds, i.e., one flavonoid compound, eight fatty acid and fatty acid ester compounds, and four unknown compounds according to Wiley 229 Library.