ISOLASI SENYAWA GOLONGAN TRITERPENOID DAN UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL BATANG PRANAJIWA (Euchresta horsfieldii (Lesch) Benn) TERHADAP LARVA UDANG (Artemia salina Leach)

Isolation and identification of toxic compounds potential for anticancer from pranajiwa stem (Euchresta horsfieldii (Lesch) Benn) has been carried out in this research. About 800 g sample of pranajiwa stem was extracted with 5000 mL of 96% ethanol resulted in 40.19 g viscous ethanol extract and the result of toxicity test against brine shrimp larvae showed the value of LC50 = 79.43 ppm. Partition of the ethanol extract with n-hexane, chloroform and water gained 1.50 g n-hexane extract (LC50 = 50.11 ppm), 1.20 g chloroform extract (LC50 = 630.95 ppm) and 30.06 g water extract (LC50 = 158.48 ppm). The n-hexane extract as the most toxic one was then separated, purified and identified. Separation of n-hexane extract by column chromatography with silica gel 60 as stationary phase and nhexane-chloroform (5:5) as mobile phase yielded four fraction (F1, F2, F3, and F4). Fraction F1 with single spot on the thin layer chromatography showed the most toxic among others (LC50 = 79.43 ppm). Identification result of fraction F1 by using phytochemical test, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and infrared spectrophotometer suggested that it contained triterpenoids group compounds. Keywords : Euchresta horsfieldii (Lesch) Benn, triterpenoide, toxicity, Artemia salina Leach