WAKEN INTENTION OF YOUNG ENTREPRENEURS FOR COLLEGE GRADUATES THROUGH EDUCATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

20/06/2020 Views : 200

I Gst. A. Kt. Gd. Suasana

Entrepreneurship education is basically not teaching someone to do business, but exploring and developing individual competencies that are reflected in the characteristics of entrepreneurship. The direct intervention of entrepreneurship education is on character building as an embodiment of mental revolution. Entrepreneurship education instills an individual's understanding in terms of opening up insights, thought patterns and awareness, to determine interests or life choices and later life (career). Options for one's career choice are generally two, namely; work at other institutions / people (ASN or employees) and create their own jobs (entrepreneurship).

The choice of entrepreneurial interests of university graduates in Indonesia is considered low compared to neighboring countries in ASEAN. Data shows that of 7.02 million unemployed people in Indonesia, 13 percent are unemployed college graduates (BPS, 2016). Therefore, entrepreneurship is one of the main subjects in the tertiary curriculum in Indonesia. Every student must learn about entrepreneurship and can also be associated with academic specialization (Nyello et al., 2015). The entrepreneurial mental attitude of the students, can be instilled in a way; 1) integrating entrepreneurship education into the curriculum, and 2) packaging student extracurricular activities systemically and directed to build entrepreneurial motivation and mental attitude (Wibowo, 2011: 76).

Entrepreneurship education, in general, is an educational process that applies the principles and methodology towards the formation of the skills and life skills of students, through an integrated curriculum developed in tertiary institutions. Such education is education that is oriented to the formation of an entrepreneurial spirit. The spirit of entrepreneurship is meant courage and willingness to face life's problems and lives naturally, creatively to find solutions, be independent, and not depend on others (Sutrisno, 2003: 3). Entrepreneurial skills are like a currency, on the one hand is knowledge and academic achievement, while on the other hand is creativity and innovation (Hendro, 2011: 17). Thus, the role of the university becomes very strategic in revolutionizing the mentality of students to explore and develop mental attitudes and mindsets about their interest in entrepreneurial careers. In the end, universities not only produce job seekers, but also produce young entrepreneurs who are armed with academic intelligence and emotional intelligence that is well established.

In general, students' obsession with entrepreneurship is to create a new and large company, even though the perception of eligibility is not positive. intention is the specific tendency of individuals to take an action or series of actions and it is the result of the conscious mind directing the behavior of each individual (Parker, 2004). The main determinants of entrepreneurial intentions are individual beliefs to start and run their own businesses, as an alternative career choice in the future, and individual beliefs can be formed through education, in addition to environmental factors (Davidsson, 1995; Sugiantari and Suasana, 2016; Darmayanti and Suasana, 2018 ). Entrepreneurship education provides the highest supporting contribution to entrepreneurial intentions, followed by attitudes and behavioral factors (Kadir et al., 2012). Thus, professional education support is expected to provide a real solution for each individual to get a concrete understanding of entrepreneurial knowledge. Higher education should be able to act as an actor to explore and develop the entrepreneurial characteristics of its students. Higher education must also realize that to produce quality graduates, it requires an entrepreneurship education curriculum that integrates affective, cognitive, and psychomotor aspects (Santoso, 2013). Successful entrepreneurship education should be able to improve the individual competencies of each student as a basis that can be applied in future career choices. The entrepreneurial characteristics include; courage to take risks, confident, future oriented, results oriented, and so on.

                 The characteristics of entrepreneurship that can determine ideal individual competencies are very diverse. Everyone will agree that there will never be anyone who is able to have the ideal attitude / character in full and perfect. Therefore, universities must be able to create an inspirational effect in order to interact with the growth of individual beliefs of their students. The growth of confidence is mainly related to intentions towards entrepreneurial career choices, which can be instilled through the entrepreneurship education process approach. The results of the study in 2018 showed that entrepreneurship education did determine the intention of students to become entrepreneurs. However, the increase in students' intentions for entrepreneurship was due to an increase in the entrepreneurial behavior index, which was partly obtained through the entrepreneurship education process in higher education. This means that, fostering and developing the intention of prospective young entrepreneurs graduating from college, which is done through the development of an entrepreneurship education curriculum is appropriate (Suasana et al., 2018). However, it must be realized that implicitly reflected by the existence of roles other than education, one of them is family environment. This requires further and in-depth study to get a concrete picture of student entrepreneurial intentions. This condition is at the same time a challenge for higher education institutions, especially those who support entrepreneurship education.