ROLE OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECT IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

ROLE OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECT IN

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Ngakan Made Anom Wiryasa

Study Program Professional Program Engineer Postgraduate Program Udayana University

anomwiryasa@unud.ac.id

The main source of sustainable development policy in Indonesia is the 1945 Constitution. The 1945 Constitution has been amended four times, where the concept of sustainable development is only included in the fourth amendment established on August 10, 2002. With these regulations the principles of environmentally friendly development have begun to be applied and international agreements began to be implemented through national development policy. This is in line with the establishment of the United Nations (UN) which makes environmental issues a principle of sustainable development based on the results of a conference on development and environment in Rio de Janeiro-Brazil or more popular with the Rio Earth Summit (Rio Summit).

Writing entitled "Analysis of Environmental Elements as a Model of Structural Hierarchy (MoSH) for Sustainable Development" published in the journal "International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 10, Issue 01, January2019", concluded that: Environmental management which is quite complex related to sustainable development, must consider energy efficiency, waste, greenhouse gas emissions, and disaster-prone areas. This can be achieved only by considering and understanding the environmental index, taking into account green open space, water and air quality, and conversion of paddy fields. Therefore, the most recent contribution of this research is the Model of Structural Hierarchy (MoSH) in the field of Environment which influences sustainable development. Related to sustainable development, comprehensively not only involves environmental aspects but also involves economic and social aspects

The concept of sustainable development is a development process that in principle "meets the needs of the present without compromising the fulfillment of the needs of future generations" (according to the Brundtland Report from the United Nations, 1987). The goal of sustainable development is to eradicate poverty and hunger to achieve food security and to improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture. The efforts made aim to:

1. Give the possibility of survival by preserving the functions and capabilities of the ecosystem that supports it

2. Utilizing natural resources by using environmentally friendly technology

3. Provide opportunities for other sectors and activities to develop together in all regions in the same or different time periods

4. Improve and preserve the ability and function of ecosystems to supply natural resources

5. Using procedures and procedures that pay attention to the sustainability of the functions and abilities of ecosystems to support livelihoods

Sustainable development is not only in terms of environmental aspects, but sustainable development is an interaction between environmental aspects, economic aspects, and social aspects (Figure 1)

The insistence of the population resulted in the reduction of agricultural land. Open land, peatlands and other ecology and threaten the culture and values ​​of urban society (World Bank, 2003). Therefore, regional development, both urban and rural, can no longer be based on economic development alone, but must be based on sustainable development (Hall and Ulrich, 2000). Pearce & Tunner (1990: 42) argues that the meaning of sustainable development lies in the issue of how the natural environment should be treated in order to play a role in economic sustainability as a resource for improving living standards. Sustainable development according to Pearce & Tunner (1990: 24) means the use of renewable resources is proportional to its natural availability over time. The calculation or consideration of costs and environmental damage is also an important instrument for achieving sustainable development. A very well-known or universal definition of sustainable development was given by The World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) 1987, known as the Brundtland Commission definition: "Sustanaible development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs "According to WCED (in Hadi, 2001: 2). There are two main concepts of the definition, "First the concept of needs or needs that are essential for the poor and need to be prioritized. Second, the concept of limitation or limitation of the ability of the environment to meet present and future generations. For this reason, arrangements are needed so that the environment is still able to support development activities in order to meet human needs (Hadi, 2001: 2)

In conclusion, the article entitled "Analysis of Environmental Elements as a Model of Structural Hierarchy (MoSH) for Sustainable Development" needs to be further developed not only to review environmental aspects but also to include economic aspects and social aspects in the discussion. Thus, sustainable development can be completed comprehensively.

Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=1ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316©IAEMEPublicationScopus Indexed