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BALINESE MALAY LANGUAGE IN THE HANDS OF YOUNG GENERATION
26/06/2020 Views : 998
I NYOMAN SUPARWA
BALINESE MALAY LANGUAGE IN THE HANDS OF
YOUNG GENERATION
By
I Nyoman Suparwa
Faculty
of Humanities, Universitas Udayana
Balinese Malay is a regional language
spoken by people who live in Loloan Village (west and east area), Negara
District, Jembrana Regency, Bali. They come from several ethnic groups in
Indonesia, such as the Buginese, Pontianak, Javanese, and Balinese (Sumarsono,
2009: 266; Putra, et al., 2015: 27) who are united by religious unity, namely
Moslem. By this religious unity, they formed a customary and cultural unity,
including interethnic language unity, which used to be called "Omong
Kapung" or "Balinese Malay dialect" and it is now better known
as Balinese Malay, in line with the development of Malay in the Archipelago.
In its development, Balinese Malay
language is not only used by the older generation, but the younger generation
is also responsible for the language life. Moreover, the Loloan youth movement
has recently emerged which has named the group as the Loloan Youth Movement
community. The community is an organization engaged in the fields of religion,
education, social and culture. This organization has a secretariat office, a
place where to meet, has a website https://www.facebook.com/gerakanpemudaloloan/
and has been intensely and continuously conducting activities since June 2016,
so that the existence of this organization is felt to be very beneficial to the
community.
In the secretariat, as a meeting place, which
is also called "Rumah Baca Loloan", there is a small library with some
books on display, even though there are not so many, around two hundred books.
The book can be read at that place or borrowed to read at home. However, there
is an activity that strongly support the reading culture of the Loloan younger
generation, that is 30 Minutes Book Reading Program (30MB) at the Loloan
reading house. The activity is seen as an activity to arouse literacy
activities and a culture of discussion among young people.
Among the books that available at the
Loloan reading house, there is one book that is in Loloan Malay language. The
book is entitled "Kumpulan Cerita Lisan (Rakyat) Melayu (Loloan) Bali (Suparwa,
2017). There are eleven stories in the book, such as "Sang darek ajak Sang
Kue", 'Monkey and Turtle', "Empat Ekor Sampi" "Four Cows",
"Pesen Mak" "Mother's Message", Alkisah (Cerite Nenek Rate)
"'Once upon a time (Story of Grandma ‘Rate’)'," Kancil Nyuri Ketemun
"'Kancil Steal Cucumber'," Kerbo yang Belog "'Stupid
Buffalo'," Tekos ajak Singe " "Mouse and Lion", “Kancil
ajak Bekecot" "Mouse Deer and Snail ', "Cerite Asal" 'Origin
Story ', "Nyarik Ikan (Nyerok)" "Looking for Fish
(Fishermen)", and "Kartu ATM" "ATM Card".
In addition, most of the books in the
reading house are Indonesian-language books, such as the books of religious,
economic, legal, and others.
By looking at the titles of the stories
found in the Malay language collection book, it can be seen that the themes of
the presented stories are predominantly old stories in the Archipelago. The old
story is told by the older generation, while one story of “Kartu ATM” ‘ATM Card’
is told by the younger generation because it tells the story at school or about
school children at present time. The use of Malay language in it is also
interspersed with Indonesian language, which indicates that the narrator is
easier to express the story in Indonesian, then filled in parentheses in Malay
language. For example, the words of kartu
‘card’, sola-soal ‘questions’, jawaban ‘answers’, kertas ‘paper’, and derivative word mencontek ‘cheating’. These words are found to be used in school
situations, whereas the older generation rarely attends formal schooling, so
the words that are common in the older generation, such as sampi 'cows', rumput ‘grass,
singe 'lion', and bukit ‘hills’. The derivative word mencontek ‘cheating’ in the use of the
younger generation language is the formation of Indonesian because in the
Balinese Malay language the word nyontek ‘cheating’
is used (with the nasal prefix (N-)
instead of me-).
The activities program carried out by
the Loloan Youth Movement community, namely (1) charity program by using the
KAMAL (Kaleng Amal) method of providing social assistance towards orphans and
disadvantaged communities; (2) education with literacy activities and culture discussion
(30 MB program); and (3) religion program in the form of religious study,
really touches on social problems (https://www.facebook.com/gerakanpemudaloloan/).
This includes a literacy program that targets attention towards Balinese Malay
language. Even though language attention has not been so prominent because of
most activities have so far tended to be economic activities, but in the future
there will be potential for activities that touch on cultural and language
issues because infrastructure in the form of communities with various potential
activities already exists. The infrastructure potential needs to be fostered
and developed and then the activities that touch social and cultural issues
needs to be encouraged continuously. The diversity of regional cultures and
languages in the Archipelago is a potential and characteristic of the
Archipelago's culture and language.
References
Putra,
A.A.Pt., Ni Nym Seri Malini, dan I Nym Suparwa. 2015. “Adaptasi Kosakata Bahasa
Bali dalam Bahasa Melayu Loloan Bali” dalam
LITERA ; Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa,
sastra, dan Pengajarannya. Volume 14, Nomor 1, April 2015. Yogyakarta:
Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
Sumarsono.
2009. Sosiolinguistik. Jogjakarta:
Sabda.
Suparwa,
I Nyoman. 2017. Kumpulan Ceritra Lisan
(Rakyat) Melayu (Loloan) Bali. Denpasar. Swasta Nulus.