Relationship between Interleukin-18 (IL-18) level and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) with ischemic stroke event in Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia

Background: Long-term stroke risk factors may lead to inflammation of endothelial vessels characterized by migration of macrophages and T-lymphocytes in blood vessel walls by releasing Interleukin-18 (IL-18) cytokines and causing changes in Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) values. This study aims to determine the relationship between IL-18 and MPV levels with ischemic stroke event in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar. Methods: A matched-pair case-control study design was conducted in this study. The number of stroke and control samples were 33 people, respectively, and the dependent variable was an ischemic stroke, following MPV and IL-18 as dependent variables. Free T-2 sample test used to compare MPV in each group while the Mann-Whitney test used to compare the interleukin levels of the two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows. Results: The MPV value of ischemic stroke patients was significantly higher (8.5±1.19 fL), whereas the MPV value at control was 0.00±0.44 fL (p<0.05). The levels of IL-18 were statistically significantly higher in stroke patients (450.71±278.82 pg/ml) compared with controls (221.46 ± 127.83 pg/ml) (p<0.05). With the Spearman correlation test, there was a significant moderate negative correlation between MPV value and ischemic stroke (r=-0.357; p=0.003) as well as IL-18 and ischemic stroke (r=-0.492;p=0.000). Conclusion: Our study suggests that there was a significant relationship between MPV and IL-18 value and ischemic stroke event at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia