On Training of Small Scale Processing Organic waste for electric Generation at Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia

Under research group of industry manufacture and machinery that is headed by Prof. Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia, the training on Processing Organic waste for electric Generation is made available. The participants from any background can joint this training or participant can voluntary joint the activity of processing organic waste for electrical energy in our pilot project around Indonesia.

The training is started by introduction of processing organic waste through anaerobic digester. The participant can learn how to built their own anaerobic digester in regard o the requirements that is needed for anaerobic processing to occur. The organic waste especially from kitchen waste or agriculture waste should be shredded and crushed to reduce the size and mix with water.  The best organic waste that can be processed by using anaerobic digester are from the source of animal manure. The anaerobic processing will take around 2 weeks to start produce biogas.

The biogas should be purified through series purification units. The methane (CH4)  is the gas that is useful for fuel that can be found in the biogas. Other gas such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) should be eliminated from the biogas. Carbon dioxide as well as moister are usually found also in the biogas and should also removed to increase the CH4 content in the biogas. In this stage the participant will be trained to make simple biogas purification by using material that easily available with low cost. Purified bioas then is ready to be use as a fuel for cooking or for running the electric generator.

The training is continued by introduced method of modifying engine so that possible to be fueled by using biogas as a fuel. The biogas should be homogenized and dehumidified in the biogas bag. The biogas then should  pass the carbon dioxide remover (CDR) and biogas desulfurizer for cleaning process to obtain about pure methane (CH₄). The unit of biogas mixer and gasoline carburettor will be designed in this research in order to be able to be operated independently. This is mean that if the biogas not available, the engine will be still can run by using gasoline as alternative fuel. The fuel selector should available to select type of the fuel that will be used. The unit of the engine was prepared. Four stroke engine was prepared with this purpose with single piston. The compression ratio was selected in order to can be operate well with biogas as well as gasoline

The most  important  engine component that make possible for run the engine with both gasoline and biogas is biogas-air mixer and gasoline carburettor. The best result from our experiment for the design of both biogas-air mixer and carburettor

The engine can be run by using both biogas or gasoline and it is possible to operate for 1000 watt, 2000 watt, and 3000 watt. This is important starting point because usually biogas not always available during the process of anaerobic digestion on the site of waste treatment. This fuel flexibility also very useful during maintenance of biogas anaerobic digestion when at that time biogas not available.