Animal Health Services in Support of Bali Cattle Beef Self Sufficiency Program in Keramas Village, Gianyar Regency, Bali

Bali cattle (Bos sondaicus) is one of the original and pure Indonesian cattle breeds. They are the original descendants of the bull (Bibos of the bull). They have undergone a domestication process that occurred before 3,500 BC. The original Bali cattle have the same shape and characteristics as the bull. Bali cattle, also known as Balinese cow, are sometimes called Bibos javanicus, although not one subgenus of Bali cattle with Bos taurus cattle race or Bos indicus. Based on the relationship Bovidae family pedigree, the position of Bali cattle classified in subgenus Bibovine but still belonging to the genus boss. Payne and Rollinson in the Journal of Research Results (1973) state that this cow nation is thought to have originated from Bali. It because this island is now the center of cattle distribution for Indonesia because it is called Bali cattle and seems to have been domesticated since prehistoric times 3500 BC.

The development of cattle farms in the village of Keramas, one of the villages in the Blahbatuh district, Gianyar still experiences many obstacles. Both health problems and knowledge of management about raising cattle, especially good Balinese cattle, so that production is still relatively low. Health problems and diseases often cause calf death, diarrhea, intestinal worms, and reproductive issues, causing substantial economic losses.

One of the threats to raising Bali cattle is diarrhea. Diarrhea in cattle, especially calves, is not a disease but rather a clinical sign or symptom of a more complicated illness caused by various things. Diarrhea is a clinical symptom that shows physiological or pathological changes in the body, especially the digestive tract (Batan. 2002).

Another problem with raising Bali cattle is helminthiasis. Worms or helminthiasis in cattle is infectious diseases in the body of cattle caused by roundworms (Nematodes), tapeworms (Cestoda), or leaf worms (Trematodes) both attack the digestive tract, respiratory tract, liver, and other body parts. In cattle, worm infections are often found in the gastrointestinal tract and liver. The three groups of worms can attack cows together or alone. Not all worm species can attack cows. Some species of worms (Nematodes) that can attack cattle include Toxocara vitulorum, Oesophagostomum radiatum, Agryostomum vryburgi, Bunostomum phlebotomum, Trichostrongylus spp, Nematodirus spp, Cooperia spp.

Implementation of community service in the village of Keramas on September 13, 2019, is in the form of a Vitamin administration program to maintain health and increase appetite from cattle. The next program is giving worm medicine to prevent worms that can cause economic losses for cattle farmers and prevent a cow's death. Most of the breeders are very enthusiastic about the implementation of this service activity. This can be seen from the farmers' response in following this activity who want to get their livestock health services to increase the productivity of their livestock. Of all the cattle that have been recorded, all receive services to insecticides spraying. The insecticide used is Buttox® with the active ingredient deltamethrin. The concentration used is 1permil, obtained by diluting 1ml of Buttox® in 1 liter of water. In addition to the head area, spraying is done evenly throughout the body. Its function is to kill flies that surround the cow's body and prevent flies from coming back. As is known, flies that surround the body of a cow can be harmful. In addition to cows feeling disturbed by its activity, one of the diseases caused by this type of ectoparasite is myiasis or maggots.

Besides, the factors that drive the service activities are mostly farmer communities in the village of Keramas in improving cattle productivity. It will also increase its revenue by decreasing the number of livestock deaths, after the health care plan in the form of provision of vitamins, drug delivery worm, and more case handling. This desire makes it easier to carry out community service activities in the village of Keramas.

Obstacles encountered in the implementation of this service is mostly cattle breeders who are very thin and malnourished. The results of field observations and discussions with farmers showed cows continued to be caged. At the same time, the feed provided was limited, besides the quality of the feed was also low. After discussing/asking the breeders, it turns out that they do not understand the needs/amount of feed that should be given according to the cow's needs. At the time of the discussion, it also gives the farmers education to provide more feed and improve feed quality (e.g., provision of king grass, elephant grass), not just straw or reeds. Adding bran/concentrate to the feed, as well as providing/providing water ad libitum. But so far, our service activities have proceeded smoothly and according to plan.

References:

Batan, W. 2002 Sapi Bali dan Penyakitnya. Denpasar. UPT Penerbit Universitas Udayana. Bali

Dinas Peternakan Provinsi Bali . 2007. Laporan Tahunan Dinas Peternakan Provinsi Bali. Dinas Peternakan Provinsi Bali

Soulsby, E.J.L. 1982. Helmint, Anthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals. 7th.Ed.Bailliere Tindal London.

Sulistyowati. A. 2002. Upaya Mendongkrak Kembali Populasi Sapi Bali.