Turmeric flour as a growth promoter in post-weaning piglets

31/07/2020 Views : 554

I MADE MERDANA

Factors that influence success in raising pigs include;  genetic (breed), nutrition, housing system, disease management, and maintenance management factors.  Pig maintenance management is specifically tailored to the stages of maintenance.  The government through the Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 14 of 2017 has banned the use of antibiotics as an additive to animal feed.  This has a direct impact on animal health and performance.  Inbreeding piglets, piglets weaning is at risk of stressful stress and continues to fail to maintain the starter-grower period.  If stress is not handled properly it can cause a decrease in feed intake, underweight body weight, and poor feed conversion ratio.  This condition can continue to stunt growth, illness, and even death of piglets.  Failures in the nursery period can be anticipated starting from weaning methods that are good management of maintenance and utilization of feed technology with the use of feed additives to spur growth.  Prohibition of the use of antibiotics in animal feed is a wise step of the government that must be supported for reasons of human health.  This has an impact on the efforts of farmers in the search for natural growth promoters, one of which is turmeric (Curcuma domestica) which contains curcumin and essential oils.  Curcumin clinical trials in experimental animals have shown strong pharmacological effects.  While essential oils have good antibacterial and antiseptic activity.

 Field research by a group of students and lecturers at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Udayana University succeeded in proving that turmeric flour can improve the health and performance of weaning piglets.  This study also used digestive enzyme products that have been commonly used by farmers as a comparison.  Weaning piglets used male and female weighing 8-9 kg, and given turmeric flour dose of 1% and an enzyme dose of 0.1% feed mixture for five weeks.  The results obtained mean weight in the control group 23.58 ± 2.11 kg, in the group given the enzyme 24.49 ± 2.89 kg, in the group given turmeric flour 25.71 ± 1.59 kg, in the group given combination of enzymes and turmeric flour 26.24 ± 2.34 kg.  This result shows that weight gain in the group that was given a significantly higher treatment when compared to the control.  In the group given the enzyme growth was relatively higher by 11.39%, and in the group with turmeric flour, 14.26% was higher, whereas in the group given the combination of enzymes and turmeric flour, 19.78% was higher than the control.  This faster growth will provide more benefits for farmers.  On blood tests showed that the group of pigs given turmeric flour had lower total leukocytes, and had a higher total erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values ​​than the control group.  These hematological parameters show that the condition of piglets given turmeric flour supplementation has good health status and endurance.

 Turmeric flour 1% dose of feed mixture showed significant results, wherein the body weight gain was relatively higher at 14.26% compared to controls.  These results are in line with studies on the use of turmeric (curcuminoids) which have an impact on weight gain in landrace starter pigs, grower phase pigs, Bali fattening pigs, and also in broiler grower-finisher chickens.  Turmeric contains active compounds namely curcumin and essential oils, which have pharmacological effects on antioxidants, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, anticancer, and antitoxin properties.  Every 100 grams of turmeric flour contains about 3 grams of curcumin.  The ability of antioxidants and antitoxins is thought to improve intestinal health by capturing free radicals and toxins that pollute the feed to optimize the function of intestinal villi in the absorption of nutrients.  Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities work synergistically in suppressing sub-clinical infections.  The ability of essential oils is very good as an alternative to antibiotics for growth promoters in pigs.  The active compound in turmeric also affects the digestive process because it has cholagogues, choleretic, and cholekinetic activity.  Kolakoga's effect stimulates the flow of bile from the liver into the gall bladder and continues into the intestine.  While this cognitive activity stimulates the wall of the gallbladder to secrete bile and also stimulates pancreatic lymph secretion.  Secretions that contain endogenous enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and protease are useful for increasing the digestibility of feed ingredients through hydrolysis of complex nutrient bonds and decreasing the viscosity of digestive.  will facilitate the transportation of digested into the crypt and pass through the small intestine villi.  While the nature of cholekinetics which decreases peristalsis causes digestive longer in the intestine so that the chance of absorption of nutrients is more maximal.  The nature of this Cholagoga increases feeds intake in pigs.  Feed intake as needed will be directly proportional to growth.  In this study, the effect of turmeric flour is very well used as a feed additive to spur growth in pig body weight.  Improved performance of piglets in this study is inseparable from the management of pig maintenance.

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