The Content Of The Chemical Compound Is The Ethanol Extract Of (Moringa Oleifera L.) As A Traditional Medicine

Traditional medicine has been known and used throughout the world for thousands of years. Traditional medicines and medicinal plants are widely used by the middle to lower classes, especially in the efforts of preventive, promotive, and rehabilitative. The use of traditional medicine as herbal medicine has been widespread since the days of our ancestors and continues to be preserved as a cultural heritage. The raw material for this natural medicine can come from biotic or abiotic natural resources. Biotic resources include microorganisms, flora, and fauna as well as marine biota while abiotic resources include land, water and space resources and include the potential within it. Indonesia has abundant natural wealth that is spread from the west to the east . One of the natural resources in the form of medicinal plants that can be used as a source of traditional medicine. One of the plants that can be used both as food and medicine is Moringa oleifera L.). Moringa belongs to the Moringaceae family and has many titles, such as Moringa, Kerol, Marangghi, Moltong, Kelo, Keloro, Kawano, and Ongge. Moringa plants grow in the lowlands and highlands. This plant has a stem height of 7-11 meters. Moringa leaves are oval shaped with small and small compound in a single stalk, can be made vegetables or medicine. The flowers are yellowish white and the flowering hood is green, this flower comes out all year long. Moringa oleifera L. (Moringa oleifera) plant is one of the medicinal plants that has antidiabetic and antioxidant properties, to determine the class of chemical compounds contained in the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves. The sample used was moringa leaf. Moringa leaves are first extracted using 96% ethanol, then phytochemical tests are performed to detect the presence of active compounds of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, triterpenoids / steroids, and tannins. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results obtained indicate that the ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera L. leaves contains alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenoids / steroids, and tannins. The function of alkaloid compounds for plants is as a poisonous agent to fight insects or plant-eating animals and as a factor influencing growth. Other uses of this compound in the field of pharmacology as a nervous system stimulant, cough medicine, eye drops, sedatives, malaria drugs, cancer, and anti-bacterial. In humans, flavonoids function as antibiotics, for example in cancer and kidney disorders. Steroids are useful in the pharmaceutical field, which are commonly used as raw materials for drug production, tannin compounds function as antioxidants and inhibitors tumor growth, Saponins are also used as anti-microbial agents.

Source: Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Vol 5 (no. 5) November 2016