THE IMPACT OF THE SARS AND COVID PANDEMI

SARS or acute respiratory syndrome is a respiratory disease caused by a virus originating from Guangdong Province, China, at the end of 2002. This disease first caught public attention in February 2003, when an American businessman who had just departed from China fell ill on a flight to Singapore. The plane was diverted to Vietnam, but the victim finally died. On March 12, 2003,

The World Health Organization (WHO) issued a global warning and over the following months the disease spread to Hong Kong, Singapore, Toronto and later affected more than dozens of countries in North America, South America, Europe and Asia before the outbreak could eventually be dammed.

A total of 8096 people worldwide were estimated to have contracted SARS between November 2003 and July 2003, 774 people or around 10 percent died. However, the incidence of this disease is very diverse with more than 80 percent of the cases reported in China and Hong Kong, Canada and Singapore also being severely affected due to the high number of Chinese people who commute from China and Hong Kong in both countries.

The presence of Covid-19 is also an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered type of corona virus. This new virus began to plague in Wuhan, China in December 201 and was named Covid-19. Covid-19 is now a pandemic that occurs in many countries throughout the World.

The most common symptoms of Covid-19 are dry cough, fatigue, pain, nasal congestion, headache, conjunctivitis, sore throat, diarrhea, loss of sense or smell, discoloration of fingers or toes. / corona virus novel).

People can get Covid-19 from other infected people. Covid-19 can be spread mainly from person to person, through sparks from the nose or mouth coming out of people infected by coughing, sneezing or talking. People can be infected from those fish-affected hands that are not washed completely (washed with soap and with running water and with an alcohol-based antiseptic liquid), then touch their eyes, nose, or mouth. Many people who are infected with Covid-19 only experience mild symptoms, especially in the early stages. Because it can be contracted from people who have only mild symptoms, such as a mild cough, but feel healthy.

Both of these diseases are very damaging in the countries worst affected. Schools are closed, airplane passengers are checked at the place of arrival, and people suspected of being infected are quarantined, quarantine is required for fourteen (14) days for people who are in contact with patients and severe penalties imposed on those who do not comply with regulations.

One way of looking at these two outbreaks is that they constitute an unexpected "shock" for the affected economy, both in demand and supply. The supply, output, productivity, and export side decreases and the reduction in labor as a result of death, illness, or absence from work can be caused by the decision of workers to stay at home to care for family members or relatives who are sick, or absent from work because fear of contracting at work, or absent from work because of quarantine. In addition, these two outbreaks are not like physical shocks; such as natural disasters, there will be a smaller scope for stimulating recovery by rebuilding. On the demand side, a number of impacts will be felt. Domestic investment and foreign capital inflows can decrease with loss of confidence in the economy. In addition, people distancing themselves from public places and living in their homes will spend less on food and shopping so that less business will be run.

Countries affected by this epidemic also found that the arrival of visitors to their countries plummeted when news of the outbreak was widespread. Add to this the WHO and governments of each country that have begun to issue restrictions on their citizens from traveling to affected countries. The sectors that suffer the most are hotels and restaurants as well as retail sales, however, direct losses from this outbreak, such as the resulting output losses by death, illness, and private and state spending to treat victims and stem the spread of this disease, it seems not so large when compared with previous global outbreaks. However, the actual economic impact of the second outbreak crisis was not caused by the consequences of the disease itself for people who were infected or by government spending, but rather the costs incurred to deal with changes in consumer and business spending through economic links across various the sector and the economies through international trade and capital flows, it will be new normal in the economic field which is expected that all parties can be achieved as before or vice versa in the future for the better, let's wait together.