The Application of Extracts of Corn Seeds and Bamboo Shoots to Improve the Quality of Bali Grapes (Vitis vinifera L. var. Alphonso Lavallee)

The Application of Extracts of Corn Seeds and Bamboo Shoots to Improve the Quality of Bali Grapes (Vitis vinifera L. var. Alphonso Lavallee)

I Nyoman Gede Astawa

Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

nymgedeastawa@unud.ac.id

            Balinese grapes (Vitis vinifera varieties Alphonso Lavallee) have the advantage of being the highest antioxidant content compared to other black grape varieties such as Flouxa, Black Pegaru, Concord, Campbell Early and Spherper (Nile et al. 2013), but in traditional and supermarkets the Balinese grapes tends to be less desirable. Application of GA3 (gibberellic acid) before flowers bloom can increase the sweetness and reduce the number of seeds significantly (Astawa et al. 2015). However,  the high price of GA3 which is around 1.8 million to 2 million rupiah per gram, making the method is not feasible to be recommended for adoption by grape farmers in Bali. GA3 is produced by the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi and is produced by industry (factories) with a complicated and expensive fermentation process so that it is also sold at very expensive prices (Da Silva et al. 2013). Thus, we need a natural material as a substitute for GA3 which can be made with a simple method so that the price becomes cheaper.

            Further research conducted by Astawa et al (2016) using sweet corn seed extract and fermented bamboo shoot extract, with full concentration treatment (not diluted (100% Corn / J100 and 100% Bamboo / R100) and diluted with 1: 1 water ( Corn 50% / J50 and Bamboo Shoot 50% / R50).   The results of the subsequent studies found that the treatment of R100 (Bamboo shoots concentration 100%) gave a very high level of berry thinning effect so this was certainly not expected, because the number of fruits per bunch dropped dramatically. and affect the quality of marketed fruit bunches.  J100 treatment (100% corn) gives the most significant effect of increasing the number of fruits per bunch.  The spraying effect of fermented bamboo shoot extract is similar to the effect caused by spraying GA3 at high concentrations (200 ppm) , where the fruit bunches become long and the number of fruits decreases because of failure of fruit development (Astawa et al., 2015). It is suspected that shoots contain very high GA3 as revealed by Kebun Musangking (2014). Giberellin influences plant growth and development processes such as seed germination, shoot lengthening, flowering and fruit development (Gomi et al. 2003; Boga et al. 2009). Figure 1 shows the effect of fermentation of bamboo shoots and corn extract on the appearance of fruit bunches when they are still green. Whereas Figure 2 when the fruit is purple / black.

            The results of this study concluded that the treatment of 100% corn extract (J100) gave the effect of increasing the highest quality of fruit compared to other treatments through increasing the average number of fruits per bunch and reducing the number of seeds. The sweet taste produced is lower than the bamboo shoot treatment, but it increases when compared to the control.

REFERENCES

Astawa  ING,  R  Dwiyani,  NNA  Mayadewi, IM   Sukewijaya,   NLM   Pradnyawati. 2015. Perbaikan Kualitas Buah Anggur Bali    (Vitis    viniferavar.    Alphonso lavallee) melalui Aplikasi GA3 Sebelum Bunga Mekar. Agrotrop 5 (1): 37-41 (In Indonesian)

Astawa  ING,  R  Dwiyani,  NNA  Mayadewi, IM   Sukewijaya .  2016.  Aplikasi Ekstrak Hasil Fermentasi Biji Jagung dan Rebung untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Buah Anggur Bali (Vitis vinifera L. var. Alphonso Lavallee).Agrotrop 6(2): 154-160 (In Indonesian)

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