IDENTIFICATION OF LEVEL OF SURFACE ARCHEOLOGY USING WENNER CONFIGURATION TYPE GEOLISTRIC METHOD

IDENTIFICATION OF LEVEL OF SURFACE ARCHEOLOGY USING WENNER CONFIGURATION TYPE GEOLISTRIC METHOD    

    Indonesia is a region that holds thousands of art treasures scattered in various regions in Indonesia. There are inheritance in the form of buildings, art, ancient texts and other types of culture (Sumarsih, 1985). In the 16th century in Java there were several kingdoms including Majapahit, Demak, Pajang, Banten, Cirebon and Mataram (Marwati, 1993). The study of archeological remains can not be separated from the information to be obtained about the social behavior, culture of the ancestors and utilizing the remaining artifacts as high commodity-valued goods or history to find out civilization. The lack of information about relics buried under the surface of the ground is an obstacle in the process of excavation. Therefore, measurement needs to be done by mapping the subsurface around the area suspected to have artifacts so that the excavation process can be carried out without causing damage and obtained significant and efficient results. The royal archeology is a legacy owned by the Indonesian people. And because of this, the disclosure of these relics must be immediately carried out considering the relics are below the earth's surface and rock weathering will quickly occur. Geophysical survey is an initial survey aimed at mapping the subsurface geology regarding structure geology, stratigraphy, rock lithology and reservoir, as well as an initial step to find out the rock layers below the soil surface. One geophysical survey method is the geoelectric method. The type resistivity method with the Wenner configuration is one of a group of geoelectric methods used to study subsurface conditions by studying the nature of electric currents in subsurface rocks. In this study covers the magnitude of potential fields, electromagnetic fields caused by the flow of electric currents naturally (passive) or rocky (active) (Santoso, 2020).

    The type resistivity method is a geoelectric method used to study subsurface conditions by studying the nature of electric currents or rock formations below the earth's surface. The configuration used to detect archeological sites under the earth is the Wenner configuration. This configuration is used to determine the mapping component of the subsurface rock formations in an area. Where by estimating that the mapping measurement has sensitivity to variations laterally at a certain depth in accordance with the distance of the electrode used. This geoelectric estimation model uses the principle that layers of rock or material have varying resistance, which is called resistivity. The following are the steps used in the search for archeological remains using the Wenner configuration type prisoner geoelectric (Mufidah, 2016). The initial study is a literature study before carrying out research planning. With full mastery of the scientific and knowledge base as well as a study of research topics, the planning stages of the research location include determining the research location, surveying the research location and determining the measurement trajectory at the research location. Data acquisition is carried out in the area around the research to be conducted. Retrieval of data is done by using a resistivity meter, with Wenner configuration mapping. Data processing is performed on field data including calculation, inversion, and analysis. ERT mapping obtained from the data acquisition results must be calculated in advance to determine the size of the geometry factor (k), the apparent resistivity value (ᵨ = 2π ()). Data processing and modeling using Re2dinV and Corel Draw software. The interpretation phase of the analysis is carried out analysis and interpretation of the results of the study to be able to find out about the description of the condition of the subsurface rock layers under the surface of the study area. Data interpretation is done by comparing and matching the variation of resistivity values ​​(ᵨ) of rock material from the inversion of data processing with the resistivity values ​​in the resistivity table of rock material from several references, so that the type of lithology under the surface of the study area will be known in detail.

      The geological location of Indonesia can be seen from several angles, namely the angle of geological formation. Indonesia is a meeting area of 3 large tectonic plates namely the Indo-Australian, Eurasian and Pacific plates. The type resistivity method is one of the geoelectric groups used to study subsurface conditions by studying the nature of electrical currents in subsurface rocks. The Wenner configuration is a configuration used for mapping composed of two current electrodes and two potential electrodes, where the potential electrode is placed on the inside and the current electrode on the outside with a distance between the electrodes of (a). The concept to identify the archeologist's legacy with the Wenner configuration type retaining method is divided into five stages, namely the initial study, the stage of research location planning, data acquisition, data processing and data interpretation. Data processing and modeling are done using Re2dinV and Corel Draw software.