Adolescent Reproductive Health during the Covid-19 pandemic

Teens are transition period of children into adulthood, characterized by changes in physical and mental. Physical changes are characterized by the fungtioning of the reproductive organs (age 10-19 years). Reproductive health is condition healthy are physically, mentally and socially as a whole, not merely free from disease or disability that is associated with yhe system, functions and processes of reproductive in males and females ( UU No 36 th. 2009 tentang kesehatan, pasal 71 ayat 1)

There are 12 reproductive health rights that are owned by adolescents, which were formulated by the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) in 1996, namely the right to life, the right to freedom and security, the right to equality and freedom from discrimination including family life and reproduction, right to privacy, right to freedom of thought, right to information and education, right to choose the form of a family, build and plan a family, the right to decide when and when to have children, the right to get health services and protection, the right to take advantage of the results of science and technology progress, the right to freedom of association and participate in politics, the right to be free from persecution and ill-treatment.

Every teenager needs to know sexual rights and reproductive rights above because by knowing and understanding the reproductive rights of adolescents, adolescents will be able to protect and fight for sexual and reproductive rights from various acts of violence and attacks on adolescent sexual and reproductive rights.

Adolescent reproductive health problems include: premarital sex, early marriage, teenage pregnancy, STIs and HIV / AIDS, and drugs.

The impact of the Covid 19 pandemic on adolescent reproductive health :

1.     The Covid-19 pandemic will increase the risk of child marriage, related to the decreasing economic level of families. Global child marriage will experience an increase of 13 million from 2020 to 2030 (UNFPA, 2020)

2.         The negative impact of the pandemic will weaken the health service system in Indonesia.

3.         There has been a reduction in community visits to health facilities , including adolescents.

4.         The risk of sexual violence and rape increases during a pandemic

5.         Increased risk of unwanted pregnancy (KTD) .

6.         The complications of unsafe termination of pregnancy will increase, this condition will tend to increase the maternal mortality rate.

7.         The risk of increasing the transmission of STIs and HIV / AIDS

8.         The teens at risk violence based on gender, including marriage age of the child who is now often the case . This of course will have an effect on increasing the Maternal Mortality Rate, Infant Mortality Rate, and stunting .

Various problems early health were  mentioned  in the  above will impact seriously on the status of health of adolescent reproduction. For it is necessary to do efforts to increase women's health were carried out in a comprehensive by promoting efforts to promotif  and preventive,  override attempt curative and rehabilitative. Efforts were made in accordance with the  approach of the cycle of  life  "continuum of care" which  begins with ensuring every child and adolescent to grow and thrive in a healthy, thus becoming a couple that healthy and ready to produce offspring.

Efforts to maintain and improve the reproductive health status of adolescents during the Covid-19 Pandemic and prepare adolescents in efforts to adapt to new lives after the Covid-19 pandemic, namely:

1.      Introducing the risks and challenges faced by adolescents related to reproductive health problems and the factors that influence them

2.      Increasing adolescent reproductive health education during the Covid -19 pandemic, adolescents are prone to experiencing health crises because they tend to be neglected due

        to the attitude of teenagers who don't care.

3.      Maximizing adolescent potential for the positive development of adolescents.

4.      Guide youth to become peer counselors who require skills and practice activities.

5.      Adolescents need to get socialization and be trained to do life skills related to adolescent reproductive health (BKKBN) , including:

a.   Know yourself and your personal values

b.   Planning for the future

c.   Make decisions about sexuality and sexual behavior

d.   Protect yourself from violence and sexual harassment

e.   Have empathy for others

 f.    Communicate and negotiate

g.   Manage stress

h.   Seeking help

By recognizing adolescent reproductive health problems and effort to maintain and improve the health status of adolescent during the covid-19 pandemic and prepare adolescents to enter ne habitual adaptions later, it hope that objectives of reproductive heath program are to improve health status, create quality family anda form generation, healthy and smart.