THE DEVELOPMENT OF BALI TOURISM ACCORDING TO THE 2030 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS) (THEORITICAL STUDY)

THE DEVELOPMENT OF BALI TOURISM ACCORDING TO THE 2030 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS) (THEORITICAL STUDY)

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS) consist of the Seventeen objectives according to the United Nations Declaration, and the pronouncements for TPB 2030 are integrated with one another. These goals focus on the needs of People and the Earth / Environment (Planet), explained in five basic ps, including People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace and Partnership.

Legal Protection Theory (Salmond and J.P.Fitzgerald) involves the use of development policies to  integrate and coordinate various interests in Balinese society, assumed to be directly engaged in the tourism sector and vice versa. The policy is expected to regulate various interests, and ensure productive collective work and not contradicting one another. There is need to synergize or coordinate the hotelier interests around the residents or fields with farmers or rice field owners, in order to prevent harming each other.

The Theory of Justice (JT) developed by John Rawls understands the benefits to be provided the most disadvantaged groups of people, according to the principle of justice, including:

First, each individual (person) has the same right of basic freedoms, hence the need to equally share communal benefits among members; ensure the fair distribution of taxes paid by entrepreneurs in the tourism sector to the community in the environment, as a way to improve basic welfare. However, entrepreneurs also need to obtain the benefits of paid taxes or levies, in the form of infrastructure or a safety and comfort.

Second, the law needs to be beneficial to the most disadvantaged individuals in the community under imbalanced circumstances. This is performed to create a balanced socio-economic situation, with an aim to obtain the benefits of tourism through tax distribution and voluntary entrepreneur programs.

Theory of Human Right (John Locke) provides individuals with basic rights, to obtain a life and job to be worthy of, and ensure welfare, as observed in this case, the Balinese community. Therefore entrepreneurs evaluated to have fulfilled all the company establishment requirements, need to acquire the rights to run the business according to the rules, without any hindrance. However, it is important for the freedom possessed by every element of society to comply with existing regulations, as a form of social contract to the government.

Welfare State Theory explains the state's obligation to create public welfare for citizens, including: (1) controlling and utilizing social and economic resources for public benefits, where all the potentials are utilized according to contributions and functions. (2) Guarantee a fair and equitable distribution of wealth according to the respective proportions. (3) Regulating and utilizing tourism for poverty alleviation, by not forgetting environmental sustainability. (4) providing social citizen insurance for poor communities by the local and central government. This is a responsibility to be implemented, in order alleviate the sufferings of the poor and eliminate the impending burden. (5) Providing cross-subsidies for "disadvantaged people" through health and education services. (6) Ensuring the social protection of each citizen.

Inter-generation theory is denoted by the formula generated by Professor Weiss, as explained below:

The government is obliged to make policies required to protect the rights and access of the next generation. These include the right of diversity to overcome problems, in accordance with the convenience of the previous generation (conservation of options), encompassing natural, economic, environmental resources and culture.

There is also need to protect the quality of natural, economic, environmental and cultural resources through tourism policies. Therefore, protection is ensured, and inherited in a good condition, as observed in the previous generation (conservation of quality). Also, the utilization and development of these rights ought to be protected and guaranteed for the next generation (conservation of access)