Study on the Distribution, Use, and Residues of Antibiotics in Broiler and Layer Chicken Farms and Analysis of Their Impact on Public Health and the Environment in Bali

The uncontrolled use of antibiotics in broiler and layer poultry farms has triggered the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria. Both the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) have expressed serious concern over the increasing incidence of AMR. If not addressed properly, AMR is feared to become a major threat to human health. In fact, WHO has projected that AMR could cause up to 5.2 million human deaths by the year 2030. This study aims to investigate the distribution and use of antibiotics in broiler and layer poultry farms, detect antibiotic residues in meat and egg products, and analyze the impact on public health and the environment in Bali. The research will be conducted across the entire province of Bali using an observational design, with samples collected through a multi-stage random sampling method. Primary data will be obtained from interviews with farmers using a structured questionnaire, along with samples of meat, eggs, and farm waste. The analysis of antibiotic residues in meat, eggs, and waste will be performed using the BioAssay method according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 7424:2008. The data will be analyzed using both descriptive quantitative and qualitative methods, with correlation-regression analysis applied to explore relationships between variables. The findings of this research are expected to serve as a reference for policymakers in monitoring poultry farm health and ensuring the safety of meat and egg products, in order to prevent negative impacts on human health and the surrounding environment. The targeted output of this study is a publication in a reputable international scientific journal.