NDVI-UAV Utilisation in Rice Productivity Estimation

Information about rice productivity and distribution is needed in the formulation of public policies, logistics distribution, food security and security, and pricing. Determination of rice productivity can be done by direct measurement and estimation. Estimation of rice productivity can be done through a remote sensing technology approach using satellites or UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). The use of satellites requires a large enough cost but broad scope, while the use of UAVs requires lower costs but smaller coverage. In this study, UAVs equipped with NDVI cameras were used to estimate rice productivity. The purpose of this study is 1) to study the changes in the NDVI value of rice during growth, and 2) to build an equation of estimating rice productivity based on NDVI values ​​analyzed from aerial photographs taken using UAVs. The UAV used in this study is Phantom 4 which is equipped with an NDVI camera that can be programmed to take pictures of rice fields automatically. Shooting (aerial photography) with the UAV is done at an altitude of 20 m with a flying speed of 2 m / s and the frequency of shooting every 3 seconds. Aerial photographs are taken every 2 weeks starting from planting until before harvest. NDVI values ​​are analyzed using ArchView software. After the shooting is complete then proceed with sampling the harvest in the area taken. Two sets of samples will be taken (each set of 15 samples) where one set will be used to build a productivity estimation equation and a set for validating a guessed equation that is built. Variables observed include NDVI values, accuracy of productivity estimates. From the aerial photographs obtained it appears that rice plants have a greater NDVI value (positive value) compared to land or water. NDVI values ​​from time to time during the vegetative period show significant changes. NDVI values ​​increase along with the growth of rice plants.