MALAI HAMPA DISEASE CONTROL RICE PLANT (Oryza sativa L.) WITH ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY

ABSTRACT

               Empty panicle disease found in the study was caused by Fusarium sp. which according to reference is F. moniliformin (the perfect stage is called Gibberella fujikuroi). Exophytic microbes found in healthy rice leaves that dominated the fungus Streptomycetes sp., Aspergillus sp. and Nucordia sp., while the dominant fruit exophyte is Aspergillus sp., as well as stem exophytes. The rhizosphere fungus which was successfully isolated and dominated was Penicillium sp. The diversity index obtained from the analysis of exophytic microbes was 2.1622 with a dominance index of 0.9230, while the diversity index on endophytes was 2,0002 and the dominance index was 0.7822, and the rhizosphere microbial diversity index was 0.5517 with a dominance index dominance of 0.8264. The inhibitory power of fruit exophytes obtained the highest inhibitory power was Meselia setrilia at 4 hsi (days after inoculation), 6, 8 and 10 hsi the inhibitory power was 80 ± 0.58% and 96 ± 0.58% at when 6 hsi but for 8 and 10 hsi each inhibitory power is 100%, while for the highest leaf exophytes achieved by Aspergillus sp. at 6, 8 and 10 hsi respectively at 100%. In vitro inhibition of leaf endophytic microbes against pathogens was only Stigmina sp. and Aspergillus sp. has the highest inhibitory power when 10 hsi, respectively 88.89 ± 0.13% and 88.89 ± 0.12%. The highest inhibition of stem endophytes against pathogens by Aspergillus sp. at 6, 8 and 10 hsi at 100%, while the highest endophytic inhibitory ability of fruit against pathogens was obtained from Fusarium sp and Aspergillus sp. at 4, 6, 8 and 10 hsi each is 100%. The inhibition of rhizosphere fungi against pathogens (Fusarium sp.) A. flavus has the highest inhibition of 88.89 ± 0.09%.

Key words: empty panicle disease, inhibition, diversity and dominance index, and rhizosphere.