POSTHARVEST DISEASES IN GRAPE ROT (Vitis vinifera L.)

Postharvest disease in the form of fruit rot on grapes, often found in grapes after being used as offerings in the temple. Rot starts from the base of the bunch attached to the fruit stalk. What is the cause and how the control strategy has yet to be found with certaintly. Therefore, expolarization of exophytic mycoflora and endophytes in healthy fruit provides a significant opportunity in finding antagonistic fungi. The results showed that fungus and Actinomycetes found in both red wine and green grapes were found in red grapes 11 types of fungi / Actinomycetes, which consisted of 3 types of fungi and 8 types of Actinomyecetes. In green grapes found 9 types of fungi / Actinomycetes consisting of 3 types of fungi and 6 types of Actinomycetes. The highest colony was held by A. flavus with the number of colonies in red wine amounting to 282.72 cfu / ml of water, whereas in green grapes it was 18 cfu / ml of water. The diversity index and dominance index in the red grapes and green grapes as follows in the red grapes diversity index reached 2.0888 while the dominance index reached 0.8209. In green grapes the diversity index reaches 2.02378 and the dominance index reaches 0.8843. The highest prevalence is held by A. flavus. The results of in vitro inhibitory tests on pathogens in both red grapes and green grapes showed that exophytic and endophytic fungi/Actinomycetes that best inhibited pathogens were Neurospora sp. each of them was 88.89%. The results of the in vivo test for the best antagonistic fungal inhibitory effect on pathogens have a very significant effect compared to the control. The best treatment was obtained from the treatment by adding suspension of antagonistic spores of 250 ml of water, compared to other treatments, both in red grapes and in green grapes. But this treatment is worse than those without treatment.