Potential Study of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health in Gianyar Regency

Regional zoning based on physical and economic diversity will have a close relationship and support each other functionally in order to accelerate regional economic growth and improve people's welfare. In this connection, the region as an area that has a certain function, where its economic activities, sectors and superior products, have the potential to encourage economic growth in the surrounding area. The existing condition of livestock subsector resources in each sub-district (Blahbatuh, Gianyar, Tegalalang, Payangan, Tampaksiring, Sukawati, and Ubud) in Gianyar Regency can be grouped into several uses, including: (i) increasing livestock production (subsystems, integrated, and on a business scale); (ii) conservation of genetic resources; (iii) tourism services; and (iv) for religious activities. Development efforts for each of these groups need to be increased and optimized continuously, according to land conditions, the availability of human resources, and the direction of local government policy.

Implementation of the potential study of animal husbandry areas is carried out to provide guidance related to the development of animal husbandry and animal health areas, so that planners are able to plan the development of animal husbandry and animal health areas in accordance with their potential. With this activity, the level of efficiency of the utilization of funds and the role of government will be obtained as determined based on the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture Number: 43 / Kpts / PD /. 410/1/2015 concerning the Determination of Beef Cattle, Goat / Sheep, Pig, Local Chicken, and duck. Guidelines for the implementation of the development of national livestock and animal health commodity areas are compiled in order to provide guidance related to the development of animal husbandry and animal health commodity areas, so that planners are able to plan the development of livestock and animal health commodity areas in accordance with their potential.

The objectives of this activity are: (i) Knowing and understanding the concept of developing livestock and animal health commodity areas in each district in accordance with their potential; (ii) understand the technical parameters of developing livestock and animal health commodity areas in Gianyar Regency, so that they can apply these technical parameters in each district; and (iii) able to draw up the implications of the stipulation of livestock and animal health commodity areas in Gianyar Regency.

From the results of surveys and analysis of secondary data on the study of the potential areas of animal husbandry and animal health in Gianyar Regency, it can be concluded that: (i) the area of ​​animal husbandry and animal health is an area specifically designated for integrated animal husbandry activities. Animal husbandry areas related to farming can be Land-based livestock (sapid and goats / sheep) that are complementary to farming and can be Non-Land-based livestock (pigs and ungags) that are supplementary; (ii) Sukawati Subdistrict turned out to be suitable for goat areas (Location Quition / LQ = 1.47) and supported by the availability of animal feed (HPT) for cattle and goats; (iii) Gianyar Sub-district that has the potential to be developed are goats and pigs. However, the availability of HPT for cattle and goats is inadequate; (iv) Blahbatuh District based on the results of the LQ value suitable for the area of ​​goat livestock. HPT needs are fulfilled throughout the year; (v) Tampaksiring District is suitable for cattle (LQ = 4.06) and pigs (LQ = 1.29). However, the availability of forage derived from straw and grass is only sufficient 27.60% of the forage needs of cattle; (vi) Subdistrict of Ubud which is suitable to be developed are pigs and cattle. The survey results that have been obtained show that pig farms are feasible to be developed in Ubud District. This is supported by the carrying capacity of the sub-district, where there is a large amount of rice dumping, hotels, restaurants and households that produce a lot of waste, as a support for cheap alternative feed; (vii) Tegallalang District is suitable for cattle farms (LQ = 6.25), but the availability of forages derived from straw and grass only suffers 18.35% forage needs of cattle and goats; and (viii) Payangan District has the potential to develop pigs and cattle. Pig population in Payangan sub-district has the highest population compared to other sub-districts in Gianyar Regency. Potential development of cattle in Payangan District when viewed from the carrying capacity of the availability of feed, was apparently not sufficient. As for pigs, the potential is more feasible to be developed, because there is enough agricultural waste available, such as rice bran.

Based on the needs of farmers for the availability of animal feed throughout the year, if assessed in terms of the socio-economic aspects of the community, the maintenance of cattle in sub-districts where the carrying capacity of feed is insufficient (insufficient) can be done through several strategies, including: (i) preparing ration formulations that effective and efficient for the growth and production of livestock; (ii) make product differentiation according to livestock specifications; (iii) subsidizing animal feed prices by the government; (iv) building a small-scale feed factory; (v) intensification of horticultural crops whose waste can be used as high-quality animal feed; and (vi) collaborating with local governments that produce agro-industrial and agricultural waste.