EFFECT OF KELE HONEY (Trigona Sp) IN MALONDYALDEHIDE AND SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE LUNG TISSUE OF WHITE RATS (Rattus norvegicus) EXPOSED TO CIGARETTES SMOKE.

The increasing incidence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes caused by unhealthy lifestyles has become a concern lately. One of them is smoking. Cigarette smoke contains more than 4000 chemical hazards that have a negative impact on health including nicotine, tar, CO2 and many more. Previous research also revealed that cigarette smoke is a source of free radicals. The accumulation of free radicals in the body that is accompanied by a decrease in the body's endogenous antioxidant levels causes an imbalance in the body's oxidant and antioxidant levels which is called a state of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is associated with many diseases such as degenerative diseases. Various attempts were made to prevent the occurrence of oxidative stress. Utilization of natural ingredients such as honey kele (trigona SP) sourced from nature certainly has its own advantages. Apart from the absence of the addition of chemicals, the use of natural materials obtained from local residents' farms can certainly help the floating of these products.