Antidyslipidemic Activity of Methanol, Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana L)

The mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana L) contains ?-mangosteen compounds. This compound is responsible for various pharmacological activities, such as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory. In this study, mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana L) extraction would be carried out by using three solvents with different levels of polarity (ethanol, methanol and ethyl acetate). In the current study, we aimed to identify the phytochemical content of ethanol (EEM), methanol (EMM) and, ethyl acetate (EEAM) extracts of the mangosteen rind and wanted to know the lowest reducing blood lipid effect (total cholesterol/TC and triglycerides/TG), along with the most increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the blood of these extract. First, the identification of compound content of EEM, EMM, and, EEAM was carried out. To increase lipid blood level, Wistar male were feed fat-rich diet (standard feed: 80%, duck egg yolk: 5% and lard: 15%) for 30 days, followed by administration of EEM, EMM, and EEAM for 30 days. On the 60th day, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) blood measurements of the test rat were performed. The results showed that ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate extract contained flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and polyphenols. The pharmacological test results showed EEM, EMM, and, EEAM could reduce TC and TG levels, and were able to increase HDL-C levels in rat blood. The EEAM could reduce TC and TG levels and be able to increase HDL-C levels best compared to other extracts. This ability might be due to the highest EEAM containing alpha mangostin.