Erosion Prediction For Determination Soil and Water Conservation Based Local Wisdom In Ayung Watershed Bali, Indonesia

The aim of this research is to prediction of erosion and determination soil and water conservation based local wisdom. Location determination is based on the compilation map Ayung Watershed, map of soil types, land use map and slope map. Uniformity of soil type, slope and land use classes is classified into one unit of land, so there are 40 units of land to be taken sample points. The erosion prediction used USLE method. The results of research showed that the erosion in the Ayung watershed from very light to very heavy ranged from 0.98 to 1717.12 tons/ha/year. Very light and light erosion occurs on Paddy field use and forest, on the Ayung watershed the middle and downstream, from Petang, Bongkasa, Abiansemal, Kesiman, to the south, to the mouth of the river Ayung in Padanggalak. Heavy to very heavy erosion on farm land use mixed-crop, cultivated, and shrub, at the start of the Petang, to the north to the Ayung watershed upstream. Erosion can be tolerated (Edp) ranged from 22.60 to 57.00 tons/ha/year. Suggested erosion control through soil and water conservation efforts based on local wisdom, namely: (a) increasing the density of plants in the mixed-crop of citrus mix with coffee plants with individual terracing and set the time of fertilization to overcome of climate change; (b) cropping pattern corn with legume or horticultural crops cultivated on land use, the addition of crop residues used as mulch or organic material, construction the level terrace or cotour terrace according topography planting crops commonly grown amplifier terraces in the study area, as well as set the time of planting to overcome with climate change; (c) set the time of planting rice in Paddy field based Sasih to overcome climate change so that the distribution of water by a water control system (Subak) running smoothly; (d) planting trees in border river or cliff, then at that location sacred by praying and giving Balinese cloth (cloth poleng or checkered black and white) to put on the tree; (e) regulation form permitting of prohibition or tightening the construction of tourism facilities in the Ayung river border. Erosion in the Ayung watershed decreased to very light with a range of 0.98 to 50.85 tons/ha/year, if carried out crops and land management changes (CP) based on local wisdom (decreased >90%). Keywords: erosion, conservation, local wisdom