Factors Associated with Participation in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Screening Using Chest X-Ray among Diabetes Mellitus Type II Patients in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of developing pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) disease. Terefore, pulmonary TB screening among DM patients is essential. Tis study aimed to identify factors associated with participation of DM type II patients in pulmonary TB screening using chest X-ray. Tis was a cross-sectional analytic study and was part of TB-DM screening study in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Te sample consisted of 365 DM type II patients selected by quota sampling among DM type II patients joining the screening program from January until March 2016 in 11 public health centres in Denpasar. Data were collected via structured interviews. Te contributing factors were determined by modifed Poisson regression test for cross-sectional data. From the fndings, less than half (45.48%) of DM type II patients participated in chest X-ray examination for TB. Factors associated with participation in pulmonary TB screening were having a higher educational level [APR = 1.34, 95% CI (1.07–1.67)], having family member who developed pulmonary TB disease [APR = 1.47, 95% CI (1.12–1.93)], the travel time to referral hospital for screening being ? 15 minutes [APR = 1.6, 95% CI (1.26–2.03)], having health insurance [APR = 2.69, 95% CI (1.10–6.56)], and receiving good support from health provider [APR = 1.35, 95% CI (1.06–1.70)]. Terefore, training for health provider on providing counselling, involvement of family members in screening process, and improving the health insurance coverage and referral system are worth considering.