The Mechanism Of repigmentation And The Role Of Melanoscyte Stem Cell Hair Follicles In Vitiligo

Vitiligo is a pigment disorder characterized by progressive destruction of mature melanocytes in the epidermis due to an autoimmune response. Vitiligo therapy aims to restore the pigmentation of replacing the damaged melanocytes with new melanocytes derived from the melanocyte stem cell unit of hair follicles. Melanocytes of these hair follicles play an important role in the repigmentation of vitiligo lesions. Repigmentation patterns in vitiligo include perifollicular repigmentation, diffuse repigmentation, marginal repigmentation, combination, and medium spottled. The mechanism of repigmentation through melanocytes originates from the edges of vitiligo lesions, bulge, outer hair and dermal root sheaths as well as persistent melanocyte epidermal precursors located in the middle of vitiligo lesions, which migrate centrifugally resulting in diffuse pigmentation. The proliferation and differentiation of melanocytes also depend on growth factors, genes, transcription factors and signaling pathways in the process of melanogenesis. Along with the development of molecular biology, the current studies focus on the melanocyte Stem Cell of hair follicles and continue to be developed as future vitiligo therapy.