ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

ABSTRACT Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The disease is very uncommon in children less than 10 years of age. Every sign and symptom that present on patient with APL are caused by the infiltration of the bone marrow with leukemic cells and resulting failure of normal hematopoiesis. Without the normal hematopoietic elements, the patient is at risk for developing life-threatening complications of anemia, infection due to neutropenia, and hemorrhage due to thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, fibrinolysis, and proteolysis of mature cells. We reported one case of a nine-year-old girl with pale, limp, recurred fever, hematome, and petechiae. Physical examination revealed pale in conjunctiva, ginggival hypertrophy, and hepatomegaly. Complete blood count showed normochromic normocytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia, with neutropenia. Bone marrow aspiration revealed a bundle of auer rod, promyelocyte 60 %, myeloblast 2 %, concluded AML(M3). We provided chemoterapy with vitamine A, daunorubicine, and cytarabine, but the condition was decreased and finally died after the first cycle of chemotherapy. [MEDICINA 2015;46:178-83]. Keywords: acute promyelocytic leukemia, children