Investigate Curvature Angle of the Blade of Banki's Water Turbine Model for Improving Efficiency by Means Particle Swarm Optimization

Turbines are used to convert potential energy into kinetic energy. Turbine blades are designed expertly with specific curvature angles. The output power, speed, and efficiency of a water turbine are affected by the curvature angle of the blade because water energy is absorbed by the blade in contact with the water flow. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm can be used to design and optimize micro hydro turbines. In this study, the blade curvature angle in a Banki’s water turbine model is investigated using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the highest output power, speed, and efficiency in the water turbine. Mathematical and experimental models are employed to investigate the blade curvature angle. The result shows that a curvature angle of 15o provides higher output power, speed, and efficiency than angles of 16o and 17o, despite the fact that 16o is commonly used in commercial production.