The differential expression of GLUT4 and glycogen levels on cells of liver and muscle tissues in hyperglycemic and normoglycemic conditions

17ABSTRACTBackground: Under normal physiological conditions, the glucose uptake into the cell is regulated by glucose transporter (GLUT4) which is stimulated by insulin to be afterward metabolized into energy and/ or stored as glycogen. The research aimed to determine the expression of glucose transporter (GLUT4), glycogen levels on cells liver and muscle tissues in hyperglycemic and normoglycemic conditions on rats.Method: A total of 20 rats of Spraque Dawley strain were grouped into two treatment groups. The normal group and the hyperglycemia group. The observations were performed on blood glucose level by glucose oxidase biosensor method by using the Blood Glucose Test Meter of GlucoDr™, liver and muscle glycogen levels by spectrophotometry and GLUT4 analysis on cells of liver and muscles tissues by using the immunohistochemical technique.Results: The results showed that 80% of sucrose administration had caused hyperglycemic rats with the blood glucose levels of 131.2 g/dl. In hyperglycemic conditions, the levels of liver glycogen (9.4 ?g/mg) and muscle (8.68 ?g/ mg) were significantly higher (P <0.05) than in the liver (8.54 ?g / mg) and muscle (7.87 ?g /mg) in normoglycemic. Meanwhile, the liver glycogen levels were significantly higher (P <0.05) when compared with the muscle glycogen levels in both hyperglycemic and normoglycemic conditions. The expression of GLUT4 in hyperglycemia was significantly higher (P <0.05) in both liver (64.05%) and muscle (56.15%) when compared with the liver (53.21%) and the muscle (48.67% ) in normoglycemic. Between the liver and muscle tissues, the expression of GLUT4 was significantly higher (P <0.05) in the liver when compared with muscle tissue in both hyperglycemic and normoglycemic conditions.Conclusion: Expression of GLUT4 and levels of glycogen in the hyperglycemic liver is higher compared to the muscles.