THE ROLE OF PHARMACISTS MEDICATION THERAPY REVIEW ON IMPROVING THERAPEUTIC EFFECTIVENESS, QUALITY OF LIFE, AND DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the metabolic disease that requires long term and continuous control of the medical staff. In 2015, there were 415 million people with DM in the world that predicted to increase to 642 million in 2040. So that the disease became important to focus as a world health problem. Pharmacists have a role to be involved in the management of blood glucose in patients by doing medication therapy review (MTR) before pharmaceutical care intervention. Not all pharmacists do MTR before doing pharmaceutical care, because there is no exact data on how well the MTR can affect the effectiveness of DM therapy. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate how far MTR can improve the changes in treatment outcomes, quality of life (QoL), and drug related problems (DRP) in patients with type 2 DM through a systematic review. Methods: Research articles that related to pharmacist's MTR were collected from 2006-2014. Google Scholar and two electronic databases i.e. PUBMED and Science Direct were used. After the articles were collected, the next step was the selection of eligible manuscripts, data extraction and synthesis. Result: Eleven articles were included, involving 1738 patients. MTR carried out by pharmacists, can significantly improve treatment outcomes, QoL, and DRP (p< 0.05). MTR was found reduce 30-40% of potential DRP. Conclusion: MTR is one effort that can be done by a pharmacist to accelerate the achievement of therapeutic goals, improve the QoL, and reduce the rate of DRP in DM patients. Keywords: Medication Therapy Review, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Effectiveness of Diabetes Therapy, Drug Related Problem, Quality of Life