The Potential of Total Flavonoids and Phenol Contents in Stem Bark of Gayam (Inocarpus fagiferus Fosb) as an Antioxidant through the Decrease of MDA Level, Increase of SOD Activities and Improvement of Lipid profile in Rats Atherosclerosis Hypercholestero

This study aimed to demonstrate the antioxidant potential of n-buthanol extract of gayam stem bark in preventing atherosclerosis through the decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) level, lipid profile improvements such as the decrease of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol (LDL-cholest) and the increase of HDL cholesterol (HDL-cholest) levels, and SOD activity in Wistar rats that were treated with a high fat diet or hypercholesterolemia conditions within 3 months of observation. The study was initiated by preparing n-buthanol extract of gayam stem bark which was obtained from the partition of 95 g ethanol extract of gayam stem bark. A total of 30 g of n-buthanol concentrate extract was obtained and then was applied to Wistar rats for 3 months with the use of the posttest only control group design. Twenty-five Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups, K1 (negative control), K2 (positive control, hypercholesterolemia), P1 (hypercholesterolemia + n-buthanol extract in the dose of 50 mg/kg bw), P2 (hypercholesterolemia + n-buthanol extract in the dose of 100 mg/kg bw), and P3 (hypercholesterolemia + n-buthanol extract in the dose of 150 mg/kg bw). The results showed that n-buthanol extract of gayam stem bark in the dose of 50 mg/kg bw was able to decrease the levels of MDA, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and increase the SOD activity, while in the dose of 100 mg/kg bw the extract could decrease the LDL cholesterol and increase of HDL cholesterol levels of blood plasm in wistar rats hypercholesterolemia.