Influence of Substitution of Gd on Ca Elements in Phase 2212 Superconductor Bi2Sr2GdxCa1xCu2Oz

In this research, the influence of substitution of Gd on Ca on Bismuth superconductor phase 2212 has been successful. The synthesis process is done by using wet-mixing method. The synthesis follows the steps: weighing, mixing with HNO3, calcination and sintering. Characterization is done with X-ray radiation (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The XRD results show a spectrum dominated by high-intensity Bi2Sr2(GdxCa1-x)Cu2Oz occurrences and phase impurities of 2201 (Bi2Sr2CuOx) and phase 21 (Ca2CuO3) with little intensity. The addition of the Gd element causes a change of the lattice parameter, so that the unit cell volume becomes larger. In contrast, the addition of the Gd element causes the atomic density in the unit cell to become smaller. The SEM characterization results show rod shaped with particles of size from 30 to 101 nm. The FTIR characterization results show the wave absorption at the wave number of 439.77, 632.65, 954.76, 1145.72, 1269.16, 1716.65, 3001.24, 3714.90 and 3844.13 cm-1. These wave numbers are related to bending vibration absorption of CO32-, vibration M-O and stretching C-H. Keywords: superconductor, Bi-2212 phase, wet-mixing