Association of fluid overload with mortality in pediatric intensive care unit

Abstract Objective: To determine association of fluid overload with mortality in critically ill patients in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Design: This was a case-control study. Settings: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Sanglah Hospital Denpasar, Bali in January 2013 to December 2014. Patients and participants: Samples were patients who had completed treatment in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Sanglah Hospital Denpasar. Data was taken from medical records by simple random sampling technique both in the case and control groups. The cases were nonsurvivors and controls were survivors. Intervention: Observation made on fluid over- . load, defined as the fluid accumulation more than 10%. Results: Total of 120 children were examined in this study, which consisted of 60 samples for both case and control groups. The mean percentage of fluid accumulation was significantly higher in the case group (12.9±7.9%) compared to control (-1.4±8.2%), with mean difference 9.4% (95% CI:5.4-13.3; p<0.001). Fluid overload was associated with mortality (OR 11.5; 95% CI:3.7-35.6; p<0.001). Conclusions: Fluid overload is associated to and a risk factor for mortality in critically ill patients in pediatric intensive care unit. Fluid accumulation is higher in the non-survivors than survivors.