Peroneal tendon subluxation

Background: Dislocation of the peroneal tendons is uncommon and is frequently misdiagnosed as an ankle sprain usually in young and active patients. The most common mechanism is a dorsiflexory force on the ankle associated with a rapid and strong contraction of the peroneal tendons and with eversion of the hindfoot, rapid contraction can also lead to injury to the superior peroneal retinaculum. Case Report: We reported a case of traumatic dislocation of the peroneal tendons. The patient was a 32-year-old who complained of right ankle pain and a feeling of dislocation after suffered an accident while playing football. Discussion: There have been many options reported for surgical repair of peroneal subluxation or dislocation. These include direct repair of peroneal retinaculum, reconstruction of peroneal retinaculum, bone block (lateral malleolus, sliding graft), and groove deepening and rerouting procedures. Reconstruction of the peroneal tendon can be accomplished using the peroneus brevis, plantaris, and/or Achilles tendons. Complications associated with these techniques include graft fracture, tendonitis, pain, and resubluxation. Conclusions: Acute peroneal tendon dislocation is a challenging entity because it may mimic and frequently be misdiagnosed as an ankle sprain. Conservative treatment may be considered for acute dislocation but may be associated with high failure rate. There have been many options reported for surgical repair of peroneal subluxation or dislocation include direct repair of peroneal retinaculum, reconstruction of peroneal retinaculum, bone block (lateral malleolus, sliding graft), and groove deepening and rerouting procedures.