Effect of single clove garlic (Allium sativum L.) on clinical symptoms of photoaging in Wistar rats exposed with UV-B

Background: Photoaging is a premature aging that occurs on skin due to the ultraviolet light exposure that causes the clinical symptoms, one of which is wrinkle. One kind of material that can prevent photoaging is antioxidant. Single clove garlic has the highest antioxidant activity compared to the other elements. Aim: This research aimed at investigating the effectivity of single clove garlic in inhibiting the clinical symptom of photoaging. Method: This research was an experimental pre and post-test control group design involved 30 male Wistar rats. They were divided into 6 experimental groups and all of them were exposed to UV-B light with the amount of 840 mJ/cm2 . Control group (P1) was only exposed to UV-B while the other groups were treated with placebo cream (P2), sunblock (P3), 5% garlic cream (P4), 10% garlic cream (P5) and 20% garlic cream (P6) respectively. The clinical symptom in the form of wrinkle was observed by using dermascope, and the observations were categorized based on Glogau Scale. The statistical analysis utilized the Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis test which was followed by the Mann-Whitney test. Result: There was a significant difference in the apparent wrinkle on P1 and P3 so that P5 and P6. Meanwhile, the comparison between P1, P2 and P4 was not significant. Conclusion: The single clove garlic extract can prevent photoaging and has a similar protective effect for the skin as of sunblock.